ENERGY SOURCES: CLASSIFICATION

MINING

 

 Environmental effects: changes to the land, on the surface and underground, pollution, destruction of the natural space.

MINING AND INDUSTRIAL AREAS

UNITE CONTENTS

1.- Raw material:

• Definition
• Origin
• Classification

2.-Mining:

• Definition
• Environmental effect. 

3.-Energy sources:

• Definition
• Types: renewable /non-renewable; traditional /alternatives

4.-Industry:

• Definition
• Historical developmen: First Industrial Revolution, Second Industrial Revolution, Information and Automation Revolution.
• Classification of industries: Base industries, capital goods industries, consumer goods industries.
• Factors for industrial location: Traditional factors/ current factors.
• Great industrial areas in the world.

 Industrial landscapes and environmental problems.

RAW MATERIALS



 

AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE

Agricultural landscape is created when people modify natural areas  in order to use them for crop agriculture, livestock farming or forestry.

 

 It can be influenced by physical and human factors.

PHYSICAL FACTORS:

• Climate: temperatures and rainfall
• Relief: Sunny and shady sides of the mountains, incline of slopes, altitude.
• Soil: the more appropriate nutrients the soild has, the better it is for agriculture.

 

Plants need minimun temperatures (10ºC) and rainfall (between 900 and 1200 mm annually to grow)

 

Flat surfaces facilitate agricultural work and very steeps slopes make it more difficult.

 

Deep soil is more appropriate for the cultivation of  most crops because roots have more space to expand.

 

 

THE PRIMARY SECTOR

The primary sector consists of economic activities that obtain resources from nature. Those activities are: agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and mining.

FACTORS OF PRODUCTION

Factors of production are the resources needed for creating 
 economic goods

PHASES OF THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: VIDEO

PHASES OF THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

PRODUCTS AND SERVICES

Products are goods obtained directly form nature or that have been turned into something.

 

 Services are activities carried out by humans to benefit society.

ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

Economic activity is what is carried out by humans in order to acquiere goods (producs and services) that satisfy consumer needs.

ASIA

Asia is the largest of the world's continents, covering approximately 30% of the Earth's land area.
It is also the world's most populous continent, with roughly 60% of the total population.
Asia makes up the eastern portion of the Eurasian supercontinent; Europe occupies the western portion. The border between the two continents is debated. However, most geographers define Asia's western border as an indirect line that follows the Ural Mountains, the Caucasus Mountains, the Caspian and the Black Seas. Asia is bordered by the Arctic, Pacific and Indian Oceans.

VIDEO OF AFRICA: ACTIVITIES

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

1. Where in the world is Africa?
2. How many times is Africa larger than The United States?
3. How is the savanna defined in the video?
4. Which animals can be found in the savanna biome?
5. Where is located the chaparral biome in Africa?
6. Which are the most famous deserts in Africa?
7. The main natural resources mentioned in the video are .....

FIND THE MISSING WORDS

1.      Africa runs 5 000 miles from the Mediterranean sea all the way down to …………………………………………….. and 4 600 miles from ………………………………… all the way over to …………………………………………………

2.      Biomes are climate zones and throughout that area, throughout that …………………………, you can see the same average ……………………………………. and average ……………………………….. what that means is that you also see very similar ………………………………………………………………living in that region.

3.      The most famous desert in Africa is, of course, the Sahara desert. Now, some parts of the Sahara desert are ……………………………., like you can see here. Other parts of the Sahara desert are …………………………….. but in either case, the fact that it is very ……………… is going to make it a very difficult …………………………….. to cross.

4.      It is not the  …………….. itself that’s particularly important, it’s also the ………………………………… There are many different …………………………………………………. …………. That can be found in the ………………………………..   and that’s one of the thing that makes the rain forest so ………………………… not just in Africa but throughout the Earth.

5.      The ………………………………….is the most famous river in Africa, because is the ………………………… river in the world. But there is also the ……………………………………………….. which is the  ………………………………….. longest river in the world.

6.      Africa actually has its own version of the …………………………………….. with famous lakes like Lake ……………………, lake ………………………………. and lake …………………………………………….

7.      All the Africa is a plateau. Meaning that Africa itself is an …………………………………….. land. But that doesn’t mean you can’t find any  ……………………………………. in Africa. You can find mountain ranges like, for example, the ………………………………………………………. in northwestern Africa.

8.      Africa also has some interesting mountains like …………………………………………. , the highest ………………….. in Africa which seems to just ……………………. on it own out of the  ………………………………..

9.      The Great Rift Valley refers to a region of Africa that is  literally, being …………………………. apart. There are some ………………………………………………….that are located within or near Africa, that are, actually, ………………….. away from each other, and what’s doing is creating not just some of the highest ……………………………….. in Africa, but also lakes like …………………………………….. that is among the ……………………………. in the world.

SECOND TERM

CONTENTS:

• Physical and political Geography of Africa and Asia
• The State political organization
• How the Economy works
• Primary and secondary Economic sectors.

Those are the main contets we are working on during this term.

In this video you can see some of the most important features of Africa. Try to understand it because you will have to answer some questions based on the information it is giving you.

PULL AND PUSH FACTORS WORKSHEETS

As you can see, our textbook has not much information about migration. So, here there is some extra information and activities for you to learn more about why people decide to leave their home country.

MIGRATION: PULL AND PUSH FACTORS.

In the next video you can see some images showing some migration factors. Could you classify them by pull and push factors.MIGRATIONS: PULL AND PUSH FACTORS on PhotoPeach

USA BIG CITIES

One of the consequences of population growth is the development of cities. Watch this video and answer the questions.

NATURAL MOVEMENTS OF THE POPULATION

Do you remember how to calculate population's rates?

POPULATION DENSITY

Why do people choose to live in some places and not in others?
In the next tables you can find some reasons for explaning people's distribution.

PHYSICAL
	Densely populated	Examples	Sparsely populated	Examples
Relief	Flat plains and low-lying undulating areas	Bangladesh	High, rugged mountains	Andes
	Broad river valleys	Ganges Valley	Worn-down shield lands	Canadian Shield
	Foot hills of active volcanoes	Etna, Pinatubo
Climate	Evenly distributed rainfall with no temperatures extremes	North-west Europe	Limited annual rainfall	Sahara Desert
	Areas with: 1.high sunshine totals 2.heavy snowfall for tourism	1.Spanish coast	Low annual temperatures	Greenland
		2.-Swiss alpine valleys	High annual humidity	Amazon rainforest
	Seasonal monsoon rainfall.	Bangladesh	Unreliable seasonal rainfall	Sahel
Vegetation	Grassland (ease to clear/farm)	Paris Basin	Forest	Amazonia, Canadial Shield
Soil	Deep fertile silt left by rivers	Nile Valley and Delta	Thin soils in mountainous or glaciated areas.	Northern Scandinavia
	Volcanic soils	Etna	1.Laking humus 2.affected by leaching	1.Sahel 2.Rainforest
Natural resources	Mineral, e.g. coal, iron ore	Pennsylvania, Johannesburg	Lacking minerals	Ethiopia
	Energy supplies, e.g. HEP	Rhône  Valley	Lacking energy supplies	North-east Brazil
Water supply	Reliable supplies	North-west Europe	Unreliable supplies	Afganistan
Natural routes	Gaps through mountains, confluence of valleys.	Rhine Valley, Paris	Mountain barrier	Himalayas

HUMAN
	Densely populated	Examples	Sparsely populated	Examples
Economic	Ports	New York, Sydney	Limited facilities for ports	Bangladesh
	Good roads, railways, airports	Germany, California	Poor transport links	Himalayas
	Industrial areas (traditional)	Pittsburgh, Ruhr	Lack of tourist development	Sudan
	Development of tourism	Banff(Canada), Jamaica	Lack of tourist developments	Iraq
	Money available for new high-tech industries.	California, south of France	Lack of government investment	Nepal, Gaza
Political	Government investment	Tokyo region, north Italy	Lack of government investment	Dem. Rep. of Congo
	New towns	Satellite towns around Cairo, Brasilia	Depopulation of rural and old industrial areas	North-east Brazil, Belgian coalfield
	Reclamation of land	Hong Kong Island, Dutch polders	Loss of land, e.g. deforestation, and soil erosion	Amazonia, Apennines, Sahel
Social	Better housing opportunities	Arizona	Poor housing opportunities	Afghanistan, Soweto
	Education , health facilities, entertainment	Sydney, Milan	Limited education, health facilities, entertainment	Rwanda
	Retirement areas	Spanish costas, Canary Islands	Poor facilities for retirement	Eritrea